diff --git a/src/game-v4.js b/src/game-v4.js
index 2adb47e..1c29f85 100644
--- a/src/game-v4.js
+++ b/src/game-v4.js
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import './style.css';
 import airshipSheetUrl from './assets/airships.svg?url';
 import explosionSheetUrl from './assets/explosions.svg?url';
 import { airshipLog, registerDebugSnapshot } from './diagnostics.js';
-import { normalizePlayerDamage, reducePlayerVolleyHits } from './game-logic.js';
+import { normalizePlayerDamage, reducePlayerProjectileHits } from './game-logic.js';
 
 const WORLD_SIZE = 2400;
 const PLAYER_MAX_SPEED = 180;
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ const SHOT_LIFETIME = 900;
 const PLAYER_MAX_HULL = 100;
 const PIRATE_MAX_HULL = 120;
 const PIRATE_SHOT_DAMAGE = 6;
-const PLAYER_HIT_COOLDOWN_MS = 300;
 const MAX_PIRATES = 6;
 const AUTO_RESET_MS = 2200;
 
@@ -44,10 +43,7 @@ class GameScene extends Phaser.Scene {
     this.playerHull = PLAYER_MAX_HULL;
     this.gameState = 'playing';
     this.lastPlayerShot = 0;
-    this.lastPlayerHitAt = -Infinity;
     this.pendingPlayerHits = [];
-    this.nextPirateVolleyId = 1;
-    this.damagedPlayerVolleys = new Set();
     this.lastDiagnosticsAt = -Infinity;
     this.wave = 1;
     this.defeated = 0;
@@ -461,7 +457,6 @@ class GameScene extends Phaser.Scene {
   fireBroadside(ship, side, group, texture, damage, velocityScale) {
     if (!ship?.body) return;
     const actor = group === this.pirateShots ? 'pirate' : 'player';
-    const volleyId = actor === 'pirate' ? this.nextPirateVolleyId++ : null;
     const base = headingRad(ship) + side * Math.PI / 2;
 
     airshipLog('combat:broadside-fired', {
@@ -471,7 +466,6 @@ class GameScene extends Phaser.Scene {
       x: Math.round(ship.x),
       y: Math.round(ship.y),
       angle: Math.round(ship.angle),
-      volleyId,
     }, 'debug');
     const offsets = [-7, 0, 7];
 
@@ -484,7 +478,6 @@ class GameScene extends Phaser.Scene {
       shot.body.setAllowGravity(false);
       shot.setData('bornAt', this.time.now);
       shot.setData('damage', damage);
-      if (volleyId !== null) shot.setData('volleyId', volleyId);
       shot.setVelocity(
         Math.cos(angle) * SHOT_SPEED * velocityScale + ship.body.velocity.x * 0.25,
         Math.sin(angle) * SHOT_SPEED * velocityScale + ship.body.velocity.y * 0.25,
@@ -541,14 +534,12 @@ class GameScene extends Phaser.Scene {
     this.pendingPlayerHits.push({
       shot,
       damage,
-      volleyId: shot.getData('volleyId'),
       x: shot.x,
       y: shot.y,
     });
 
     airshipLog('combat:player-hit-queued', {
       damage,
-      volleyId: shot.getData('volleyId'),
       pendingHits: this.pendingPlayerHits.length,
       shotAgeMs: this.time.now - (shot.getData('bornAt') || this.time.now),
       hull: this.playerHull,
@@ -571,28 +562,25 @@ class GameScene extends Phaser.Scene {
       gameState: this.gameState,
     };
 
-    const result = reducePlayerVolleyHits({
+    const result = reducePlayerProjectileHits({
       hull: this.playerHull,
       hits,
-      seenVolleyIds: this.damagedPlayerVolleys,
       maxHull: PLAYER_MAX_HULL,
       fallbackDamage: PIRATE_SHOT_DAMAGE,
     });
 
-    this.damagedPlayerVolleys = result.seenVolleyIds;
     this.playerHull = result.hull;
-    const { acceptedHits, ignoredHits, totalDamage, gameOver } = result;
+    const { totalDamage, appliedHits, gameOver } = result;
 
-    if (acceptedHits.length > 0) {
-      const impact = acceptedHits[0];
+    if (appliedHits > 0) {
       try {
-        this.spawnExplosion(impact.x, impact.y, 0.32);
+        for (const impact of hits) {
+          this.spawnExplosion(impact.x, impact.y, 0.32);
+        }
         this.flashShip(this.player, 0xffcccc);
         airshipLog('combat:player-hit-fx', {
-          x: Math.round(impact.x),
-          y: Math.round(impact.y),
+          impacts: hits.length,
           scale: 0.32,
-          volleyId: impact.volleyId ?? null,
         }, 'debug');
       } catch (error) {
         airshipLog('combat:player-hit-fx-error', {
@@ -603,10 +591,8 @@ class GameScene extends Phaser.Scene {
 
     airshipLog('combat:player-hit-processed', {
       queuedHits: hits.length,
-      appliedHits: acceptedHits.length,
-      ignoredHits: ignoredHits.length,
-      acceptedVolleyIds: acceptedHits.map((hit) => hit.volleyId ?? null),
-      ignoredVolleyIds: ignoredHits.map((hit) => hit.volleyId ?? null),
+      appliedHits,
+      ignoredHits: 0,
       damage: totalDamage,
       hullBefore: beforeHull,
       hullAfter: this.playerHull,